PostgreSQL is Forceful, Free, Open Source Object-Relational Database Management System.
Features:
⭐ Data Types
✔️Primitives: String, Boolean, Integer, Numeric
✔️Structured: Date/Time, Range / Multirange, UUIDArray,
✔️Document: JSON/JSONB, XML, Key-value (Hstore)
✔️Geometry: Circle, Polygon, Point, Line
✔️Customizations: Composite, Custom Types
⭐Data Integrity
✔️UNIQUE, NOT NULL
✔️Primary Keys
✔️Foreign Keys
✔️Exclusion Constraints
✔️Explicit Locks, Advisory Locks
⭐Concurrency, Performance
✔️Indexing: Expressions, Partial, B-tree, Multicolumn,
✔️Advanced Indexing: GiST, SP-Gist, KNN Gist, GIN, BRIN, Covering indexes, Bloom filters
✔️Sophisticated query planner / optimizer, index-only scans, multicolumn statistics
✔️Transactions, Nested Transactions (via savepoints)
✔️Multi-Version concurrency Control (MVCC)
✔️Parallelization of read queries and building B-tree indexes
✔️Table partitioning
✔️All transaction isolation levels defined in the SQL standard, including Serializable
✔️Just-in-time (JIT) compilation of expressions
⭐Reliability, Disaster Recovery
✔️Write-ahead Logging (WAL)
✔️Replication: Asynchronous, Synchronous, Logical
✔️Point-in-time-recovery (PITR), active standbys
✔️Tablespaces
⭐Security
✔️Authentication: SCRAM-SHA-256, GSSAPI, SSPI, LDAP, Certificate, and more
✔️Column and row-level security
✔️Robust access-control system
✔️Multi-factor authentication with certificates and an additional method
⭐Extensibility
✔️Stored functions and procedures
✔️Foreign data wrappers: connect to other databases or streams with a standard SQL interface
✔️Customizable storage interface for tables
✔️Procedural Languages: PL/PGSQL, Perl, Python (and many more)
✔️SQL/JSON path expressions
✔️Many extensions that provide additional functionality, including PostGIS
⭐Internationalisation, Text Search
✔️Case-insensitive and accent-insensitive collations
✔️Support for international character sets, e.g. through ICU collations
✔️Full-text search
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